An-12M

The Antonov An‑12M is a Soviet‑designed, four‑engine turboprop transport aircraft that first flew in 1957 and entered service with the Soviet Air Force in 1959. Developed as an improved variant of the original An‑12, the M model incorporated strengthened airframe structures, upgraded Ivchenko‑Progress AI‑20D turboprop engines delivering 4,000 shp each, and modernized avionics that allowed all‑weather and night operations. Its high‑wing configuration, twin‑tail assembly, and rear cargo ramp give the An‑12M a generous payload capacity of up to 20 tonnes and the ability to load oversized military equipment, vehicles, and paratroopers directly onto the flight deck. The aircraft’s robust landing gear and 4.5‑meter tyre width enable operation from unpaved and semi‑prepared airfields, a critical advantage for tactical missions in remote regions. Throughout the Cold War the An‑12M served as the backbone of Soviet and Warsaw‑Bloc air‑lift capabilities, supporting frontline logistics, humanitarian relief, and airborne assaults. Several countries have undertaken modernization programs, installing western navigation suites and extending service life to meet contemporary standards. Today, refurbished An‑12Ms continue to fly in civil cargo roles across Africa, Asia, and Eastern Europe, testament to the design’s durability and its lasting impact on tactical transport aviation worldwide.

Antonov

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Design & Classification