CF-5A Freedom Fighter

The Canadair CF‑5A Freedom Fighter is a Canadian‑built version of the Northrop F‑5 II jet trainer and light‑attack aircraft. Delivered to the Royal Canadian Air Force between 1968 and 1972, the CF‑5A entered service as a versatile, low‑cost platform for pilot training, ground‑attack, and air‑defence duties. Based on the proven F‑5 airframe, the aircraft is powered by two General Electric J85‑20 turbojets, each producing about 4,850 lbf of thrust, giving a top speed around Mach 1.4 and a service ceiling of 45 000 feet. Its compact size, simple hydraulic systems, and sturdy aluminum alloy structure made it easy to maintain in harsh climates, while the tandem‑seat cockpit offered excellent visibility for both instructor and student. The CF‑5A was equipped with a variety of weapons, including 20 mm cannons, rockets, and air‑to‑ground missiles, allowing it to perform close‑air support and interception missions. Though only 84 were built for Canada, the type saw extensive export success and served with numerous air forces worldwide, influencing later trainer designs such as the Canadian Forces’ CF‑5B and the modern BAE Systems Hawk. Its longevity and adaptability cement the CF‑5A’s place as a key stepping stone in the evolution of modern combat trainers.