SOC Seagull

The Curtiss‑Wright SOC Seagull, often simply called the “Seagull,” entered service in the late 1930s as a versatile, two‑seat observation and scouting aircraft for the United States Navy. Designed to replace the aging Vought O2U series, the Seagull first flew in 1935 and was adopted under the Navy’s “Scout Observation” (SOC) designation, where “S” denoted scout, “O” observation, and “C” indicated the Curtiss‑Wright builder. Its robust biplane layout, fabric‑covered wings, and welded‑steel fuselage gave it the durability required for carrier‑board operations and harsh maritime environments. Powered by a reliable 450‑horsepower Wright R‑1820 radial engine, the Seagull could reach speeds of 150 mph, climb to 12,000 ft, and sustain a range of roughly 800 mi—adequate for coastal patrols, artillery spotting, and rescue missions.

Key features included interchangeable floats or conventional landing gear, a foldable wing for cramped carrier decks, and a simple all‑metal rear cockpit that accommodated a pilot and an observer equipped with a binocular station and a light machine gun for defensive fire. Over 1,400 units were produced, serving throughout World War II in the Pacific, where they proved indispensable for reconnaissance, convoy escort, and liaison duties. The SOC Seagull’s reliability, adaptability, and widespread use cemented its reputation as one of the most successful naval utility aircraft of its era, influencing post‑war scout designs and highlighting Curtiss‑Wright’s contribution to maritime aviation.

Curtiss-Wright

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