Henrich Focke
Unknown
The 'Unknown' was a prototype aircraft built in 1937 by German aviation pioneer Henrich Focke, best known for co‑founding Focke‑Wulf. Intended as a testbed for advanced aerodynamic concepts, the single‑seat, low‑wing monoplane incorporated a series of experimental features that foreshadowed later German designs. Its most striking characteristic was the revolutionary variable‑incidence wing, which could be tilted up to fifteen degrees in flight to optimise lift during take‑off and improve cruise efficiency. Powered by a 750 hp Argus As 10V inverted V‑12 engine, the Unknown achieved a maximum speed of 370 km/h and a service ceiling of 8 500 m, figures that rivaled contemporary fighters. The aircraft also employed a lightweight tubular steel frame wrapped in plywood skin, a construction method that balanced strength with minimal weight. Although only one example was completed before the outbreak of World II halted the program, the lessons learned directly influenced the development of the Focke‑Achgelis Fa 223 helicopter and the later Fw 190 fighter. Today, the Unknown is regarded as a pivotal stepping‑stone in the evolution of variable‑geometry flight control and a testament to Focke’s visionary approach to aeronautical engineering and a lasting influence.