H-1

The Hughes H‑1 Racer was a single‑seat, low‑wing monoplane built by the Hughes Aircraft Company in the mid‑1930s to demonstrate the limits of speed and aerodynamic efficiency. Designed by Howard Hughes and a small team of engineers, the aircraft first flew in August 1935 and immediately entered a series of record‑breaking attempts. Its sleek, cantilever wing employed a unique retractable “hand‑cuff” landing gear and a fully enclosed cockpit, while the powerplant was a liquid‑cooled, supercharged Pratt & Whitney R‑1690 Hornet delivering 800 horsepower. Advanced features such as flush rivets, a fully streamlined cowling, and an innovative cooling system allowed the H‑1 to reach 352 mph in 1937, establishing a world speed record for aircraft of its class. The Racer’s design principles—especially its emphasis on drag reduction and high‑performance propulsion—directly influenced later Hughes projects, notably the H‑4 Hercules (“Spruce Goose”) and the early jet research that culminated in the H‑4 prototype. Though only one H‑1 was built, its brief career demonstrated the potential of monoplane aerodynamics and cemented Hughes Aircraft Company’s reputation as a pioneer in high‑speed aviation. The H‑1 remains a celebrated icon of daring engineering and timeless design.

Hughes Aircraft Company

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