Naval Aircraft Factory OS2N-1 Kingfisher

The Naval Aircraft Factory OS2N‑1 Kingfisher was a single‑engine, biplane scout‑observation amphibian built in the early 1940s for the United States Navy. Developed as an evolution of the Vought OS2U and the civilian Grumman J2F, the OS2N‑1 entered service in 1942 after the Navy chose the Naval Aircraft Factory’s internal design to supplement the rapidly expanding fleet of ship‑borne floatplanes. Powered by a 1,050‑hp Wright R‑1820‑94 radial engine, the aircraft featured an all‑metal fuselage, fabric‑covered wings, and a robust main‑float system that allowed operations from both sea and land runways. Its cockpit accommodated a pilot and an observer, each with separate dual‑control instruments and radio gear, while a rear‑facing gunner’s station provided defensive fire. The OS2N‑1 could carry a modest payload of depth charges, torpedoes, or a small camera for reconnaissance missions.

Although only a few hundred were produced before the program was cancelled in favor of more advanced monoplane designs, the OS2N‑1 demonstrated the Navy’s ability to quickly field versatile amphibious aircraft during World War II. The type’s simple construction, reliable engine, and dual‑environment capability earned it a reputation as a workhorse for patrol, search‑and‑rescue, and artillery‑spotting duties, influencing post‑war amphibian developments.