Northrop B-2 Spirit

The Northrop B‑2 Spirit is a stealth strategic bomber developed by Northrop Grumman for the United States Air Force. Conceived during the late 1970s as part of the Advanced Technology Bomber program, the aircraft made its first flight in 1989 and entered operational service in 1997. Its distinctive flying‑wing shape eliminates traditional vertical stabilizers, reducing radar cross‑section to a level comparable with a small bird. The B‑2 is built largely from composite materials and incorporates advanced radar‑absorbent coating, internal weapon bays, and a fly‑by‑wire control system that allows precise handling despite its massive size. Powered by four General Electric F118‑100 turbofan engines, it can carry up to 40,000 pounds of conventional or nuclear ordnance across intercontinental ranges without refueling. The bomber’s ability to penetrate sophisticated enemy air defenses has reshaped strategic doctrine, providing the United States with a truly global strike capability. Although only 21 airframes were produced because of high cost, the B‑2 remains a benchmark in low‑observable design, influencing later platforms such as the F‑22, F‑35, and upcoming B‑21 Raider, and continues to symbolize the fusion of cutting‑edge aeronautics and deterrence.

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