Tupolev Tu-110

The Tupolev Tu‑110 was a Soviet air‑liner project developed in the late 1950s as a larger, twin‑engine derivative of the successful Tu‑104. Conceived by the Tupolev Design Bureau, the aircraft was intended to carry up to 140 passengers over medium‑range routes, combining a stretched fuselage with a more efficient powerplant layout. Early design studies called for two Kuznetsov NK‑4 turboprop engines, later replaced by the NK‑8 turbofan, promising lower fuel consumption and reduced noise compared with the four‑engine Tu‑104. The Tu‑110 featured a fully pressurized cabin, a swept‑back wing, and modern avionics for its time, as well as improved aerodynamic refinements such as leading‑edge slats and larger control surfaces to enhance handling at higher speeds.

Although two prototypes—Tu‑110A and Tu‑110B—were built and underwent ground tests, the program was cancelled in 1962 before any flight trials could be completed. The cancellation reflected shifting Soviet priorities toward newer designs like the Tu‑124 and later the Tu‑134. Nevertheless, the Tu‑110’s development contributed valuable experience in twin‑engine jetliner engineering and influenced later Tupolev transport aircraft, marking a transitional step in the evolution of Soviet commercial aviation.

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