Tupolev
Tupolev Tu-160
The Tupolev Tu‑160, known as the “Blackjack,” is a supersonic, variable‑sweep wing strategic bomber built by the Russian design bureau Tupolev. Development began in the early 1970s as the Soviet Union sought a high‑speed, long‑range bomber to replace older platforms such as the Tu‑95. The prototype first flew on 10 December 1981 and series production started in 1987; more than 40 aircraft have entered service with the Russian Air Force and a small number were delivered to China in 2011.
Key features include four afterburning NK‑32 turbofan engines providing thrust of about 245 kN each, a maximum speed of Mach 2.05, and a combat radius exceeding 12 000 km with aerial refuelling. Its variable‑sweep wings, spanning 55 m when fully unfolded, give excellent low‑altitude handling while preserving high‑speed performance. The bomber can carry a mix of nuclear and conventional weapons on internal bays and underwing pylons, with payload capacity up to 45 tonnes.
The Tu‑160 remains the largest and heaviest combat aircraft ever built, symbolising Soviet and later Russian strategic air power. Its speed, range and payload have kept it relevant for decades, influencing modern bomber design and maintaining a deterrent role in global geopolitics.
Key features include four afterburning NK‑32 turbofan engines providing thrust of about 245 kN each, a maximum speed of Mach 2.05, and a combat radius exceeding 12 000 km with aerial refuelling. Its variable‑sweep wings, spanning 55 m when fully unfolded, give excellent low‑altitude handling while preserving high‑speed performance. The bomber can carry a mix of nuclear and conventional weapons on internal bays and underwing pylons, with payload capacity up to 45 tonnes.
The Tu‑160 remains the largest and heaviest combat aircraft ever built, symbolising Soviet and later Russian strategic air power. Its speed, range and payload have kept it relevant for decades, influencing modern bomber design and maintaining a deterrent role in global geopolitics.
Classification
Dimensions
- Length
- 54 metre
Performance
- Range
- 12300 kilometre
Production & History
- Units Produced
- 37
- First Flight
- 1981
- Service Entry
- 1987
Design & Classification
- Country of Origin
- Manufacturer
- Tupolev
- Designer
- Tupolev
- Developer
- Tupolev
- NATO Name
- Blackjack
- Engine
- Kuznetsov NK-32
- Operator
-
Russian Aerospace Forces Ukrainian Air Force Soviet Air Forces Russian Air Force
- Wikidata ID
- Q191111